Jeremiah 40 in plain modern English. New Ground English Translation.
Time Period
586 BC, the weeks and months immediately after Jerusalem fell
Location
Ramah, a staging town about five miles north of Jerusalem where captives were sorted for deportation, then Mizpah, the new administrative center a short distance further north
Audience
Judeans left in the ruined land and exiles abroad, both asking whether any ordered life was still possible in Judah
Situation
The Babylonian commander of the guard frees Jeremiah at Ramah and lets him choose where to live, and he stays with Gedaliah, the governor Babylon has appointed over the survivors. Scattered Judean fighters and refugees gather at Mizpah, and Johanan warns Gedaliah that a royal-blooded rival named Ishmael has been hired to kill him, a warning Gedaliah refuses to believe.
Key Background
Babylon regularly governed a defeated territory through a local nobleman rather than a foreign officer, and Gedaliah came from a family that had protected Jeremiah for two generations. Mizpah replaced Jerusalem as the seat of government because the capital was rubble, and the summer fruit and wine harvest mentioned here shows people trying to restart normal agricultural life. Judeans who had fled to Moab, Ammon, and Edom during the siege now returned, which meant the small remnant contained rival factions and men still loyal to the deposed royal house.
This is the message that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh after the of the released him at He had found Jeremiah bound in chains among all the captives from Jerusalem and Judah who were being taken to Babylon.
The captain of the guard took Jeremiah aside and said to him, "Yahweh your God threatened this place with this disaster.
And Yahweh brought it about — he did exactly what he said he would. All of this happened because you people kept and refused to to That's why this has come down on you.
But look — today I'm setting you free from the chains on your hands. If you want to come with me to Babylon, come, and I'll take care of you. But if you'd rather not come to Babylon, then don't. The whole land is open to you — go wherever you think is best."
Before Jeremiah could even turn to go, Nebuzaradan added, "Go back to son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon has appointed as over the towns of Judah. Settle down among the people there. Or go wherever you want." Then the captain of the guard gave him food and a gift, and let him go.
So Jeremiah went to Gedaliah son of Ahikam at and stayed with him among the people who were left in the land.
When all the who were still out in the field heard — along with their troops — that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam as governor of the land and had put him in charge of the men, women, and children from the in the land who hadn't been taken to Babylon,
they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah — Ishmael of and Jonathan the sons of Seraiah of Tanhumeth, the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Jezaniah of the Maakathite — they and their men.
Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, an to them and their men: "Don't be afraid of the Settle in the land, serve the king of Babylon, and things will go well for you.
As for me, I'll stay at Mizpah to you before the Babylonians when they come to us. But you — go harvest the the and the Store them in your jars and settle in the towns you've taken over."
When all the Judeans in Moab, Ammon, Edom, and every other country heard that the king of Babylon had left a in Judah and had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, over them,
they all came back to the land of Judah, to Gedaliah at Mizpah, from all the places where they had been And they harvested a huge amount of wine and summer fruit.
Then Johanan son of Kareah and all the military commanders who had been out in the field came to Gedaliah at Mizpah
and said to him, "Are you aware that king of the Ammonites, has sent Ishmael son of Nethaniah to you?" But Gedaliah son of Ahikam didn't believe them.
Then Johanan son of Kareah spoke privately to Gedaliah at Mizpah: "Let me go and out Ishmael son of Nethaniah — no one will know. Why should he be allowed to assassinate you? Everyone who has gathered around you would be and what's left of Judah would be destroyed."
But Gedaliah son of Ahikam said to Johanan son of Kareah, "Don't do it. What you're saying about Ishmael isn't true."