Genesis 48 in plain modern English. New Ground English Translation.
Time Period
~1859 BC, in the final days of Jacob's life at age 147
Location
Jacob's sickbed in Goshen, Egypt, with the burial site at Machpelah near Hebron in Canaan in view
Audience
The Israelites of the exodus generation, learning why Ephraim and Manasseh count as full tribes
Situation
The dying Jacob adopts Joseph's two Egyptian-born sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, as his own, giving Joseph a double share of the inheritance. When he blesses them he deliberately crosses his hands to put the younger, Ephraim, ahead of the elder.
Key Background
Formal adoption of grandsons was a recognised legal device for redirecting an inheritance, and here it means Joseph's line receives two tribal portions instead of one, the double share normally due to a firstborn. The right hand carried the stronger blessing, so laying it on the younger boy's head was a visible legal act, not an old man's mistake, and Joseph's attempt to correct it shows how startling it was. The pattern of the younger displacing the elder runs through the whole book, from Isaac over Ishmael to Jacob over Esau, and Ephraim's precedence here explains why that tribe later dominates the northern kingdom.
Some time after this, someone told Joseph, "Your father is So he took his two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim, with him.
When Jacob was told, "Look, your son Joseph has come to you," gathered his strength and sat up in bed.
Jacob said to Joseph, "El appeared to me at in the land of Canaan and gave me his word of promise.
He said to me, 'I am going to make you and multiply your descendants. I will make you into a of and I will give this land to your offspring after you as a permanent possession.'
"Now then, your two sons who were born to you in Egypt before I came to you here — they are Ephraim and Manasseh will be to me just like Reuben and Simeon.
"But any children born to you after them will be yours. In terms of inheritance, they will be their
"As for me — when I was coming from Paddan, Rachel on me in the land of Canaan, while we were still on the road, just a short distance from I buried her there on the road to (that is, Bethlehem).
When Israel noticed Joseph's sons, he asked, "Who are these?"
Joseph said to his father, "They are my sons, whom gave me here." And Jacob said, "Bring them to me so I can my on them in a of their
Now Israel's eyes were with — he could barely see. So Joseph brought them close to him, and he kissed them and held them.
Israel said to Joseph, "I never imagined I would see your face again, and now look — God has let me see your children too."
Joseph took them from and bowed with his face to the ground.
Then Joseph positioned them — Ephraim on his toward Israel's left, and Manasseh on his left, toward Israel's — and brought them close to him.
But Israel reached out right hand and placed it on Ephraim's head — even though he was the younger one — and left hand on Manasseh's head. He because Manasseh was the firstborn.
Then he Joseph and said, "The God before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac — the God who has been my all my life to this day —
the who has me from every harm — may he these boys. May my name and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac be carried through them, and may they across the earth."
When Joseph saw that his father had placed his right hand on Ephraim's head, it He took hold of his father's hand to move it from Ephraim's head to Manasseh's head.
Joseph said to his father, "Not like that, Father — this one is the Put your right hand on his head."
But his father refused and said, "I know, my son, I know. He too will become a people, and he too will be great. But his younger brother will be greater than he is, and his descendants will become a of
So he them that day. He said, "By your names, Israel will pronounce of saying: 'May God make you like Ephraim and Manasseh.'" And he put Ephraim ahead of Manasseh.
Then Israel said to Joseph, "Look, I am about to die. But will be with you and bring you back to the of
And to you — beyond what I give your brothers — I am giving the of that I took from the with my sword and my bow."