Daniel 7 in plain modern English. New Ground English Translation.
Time Period
Set in the first year of Belshazzar, about 553 BC, though the vision looks far beyond it
Location
Babylon, in a dream the narrator records from his bed
Audience
Jews under imperial pressure, given a picture of a heavenly court that outranks every earthly throne
Situation
Daniel sees four beasts rise out of a churning sea, the last with iron teeth and a small horn that speaks arrogantly. A court convenes, the Ancient of Days takes his seat, and one like a son of man is brought before him and given lasting rule.
Key Background
This chapter turns the book around, moving from stories told about Daniel to visions received by him, and it is the last chapter written in Aramaic before the book returns to Hebrew. The sea stood in ancient Near Eastern imagination for chaos, and hybrid monsters coming out of it were a standard way of picturing forces that threaten ordered life. The phrase son of man simply means a human figure, and the contrast is the point, since what rises from the sea is bestial while what comes with the clouds looks like a person, an image later Jewish and Christian writers returned to constantly.
In the first year of king of Babylon, Daniel had a dream — visions flooding his mind as he lay in bed. He wrote the dream down. Here is how it begins:
Daniel said: In my vision that night, I watched as the of the sky unleashed their fury on the
And four massive rose up out of the sea, each one different from the others.
The first was like a with the of an As I watched, its were ripped off. It was lifted up from the ground and made to stand on two feet like a human, and a human mind was given to it.
Then a second beast appeared, looking like a It was raised up on one side, with three ribs clenched between its teeth. A voice said to it: 'Get up. Gorge yourself on flesh.'
After that, I looked and saw another beast — this one like a with four bird wings on its back. The beast had four heads, and it was given to
After that, in the night visions, I saw a fourth beast — terrifying, dreadful, and overwhelmingly powerful. It had massive It devoured and crushed everything, then trampled whatever was left under its feet. It was completely different from all the beasts before it, and it had
While I was studying the horns, another — a one — pushed up among them. Three of the original horns were ripped out by the roots to make room for it. This had eyes like a human's and a mouth that spoke with breathtaking arrogance.
As I watched, thrones were set in place and the took his seat. His clothing blazed white as snow, the hair on his head like pure, clean wool. His was of fire, its wheels a blaze of burning light.
A of poured out, flowing from his presence. Thousands served him; tens of times ten thousand stood before him. The court was seated, and the were
I kept watching then because of the the horn was speaking. I watched until the beast was killed and its body destroyed, thrown into the blazing fire.
As for the rest of the beasts — their to was but they were allowed to go on living for a set period of time.
In the night visions I kept watching, and there — coming on the of the — someone like a of man. He approached the Ancient One and was brought right into his presence.
He was given and a kingdom. Every people, nation, and language will serve him. His is an that will never end. His is one that will never be destroyed.
As for me, Daniel — my spirit was inside me, and the visions in my mind terrified me.
I approached of those and asked him what all of this really meant. He spoke to me and explained what these things meant:
'These four massive beasts represent four who will rise from the earth.'
'But the Most own will receive the kingdom and possess it yes, and
Then I wanted to know what the fourth beast really was — the one so different from all the others, so extraordinarily terrifying with its iron teeth and devouring and crushing, then trampling whatever was left.
I also wanted to know about the ten horns on its head, and about the other horn that came up — the one that knocked three horns out, the horn with eyes and a mouth speaking with breathtaking arrogance, the one that than the
As I watched, this horn against God's people and was
Until the Ancient One came and in of the Most High's own people, and the time came for them to take possession of the kingdom.
He said: 'The fourth beast is a fourth kingdom that will appear on It will be different from all the other kingdoms. It will the trample it down, and crush it.'
'The horns are who will rise from this kingdom. After them, another king will rise, different from the earlier ones, and he will down
'He will the Most and down the Most High's own people. He will try to change the and the They will be handed over to him for a and a
'But the will in and his authority will be stripped away — completely destroyed, out
'Then the the authority, and the greatness of all the kingdoms under the sky will be given to the Most own His is an and all rulers will serve and obey him.'
This is where the account ends. As for me, Daniel — my thoughts deeply terrified me, and my But I it all to